Official COFOG category
Applied research in public administration, governance, and government operations.
2001–2024
2014–2015 · reform
The Sixth State Reform entered into force July 2014 with transitional rollout through 2015. Family allowances, healthcare-adjacent spending, and employment policy moved from federal to regional/community budgets, producing breaks in the pre-/post-reform federal series.
2020–2021 · shock
Federal and regional emergency outlays for healthcare, employment, and family support drove a sharp transient spike in 2020-2021 across most COFOG categories.
R&D — General public services · Central government
BE.expense.cofog.GF0105.S1311
R&D — General public services · State government
BE.expense.cofog.GF0105.S1312
R&D — General public services · Local government
BE.expense.cofog.GF0105.S1313
R&D — General public services · Social security funds
BE.expense.cofog.GF0105.S1314